069 WAR MACHINE.pdf

(46128 KB) Pobierz
Yolu.ue
6
hrblished
by
Issue
69
:rbis
Publishino Ltd
Q
Aerospace
P"ublishinq
Ltd
1984
3ctour profiles, diagrams and
cutaway
C.awings
O
Pilot Press Ltd
Editorial
Offices
lerospace
Publishing Ltd
llar
Machine
'3
Badey
Mow
Passage
-ondon W4
4PH
ilanaging
Editor:
Stan
Morse
Edhorial;
Trisha Palmer
Chris Bishop
Chris Chant
lan Drury
Design:
Rod Teasdale
ColourOrigination:
lmago Publishing
Thame, Oxon
Typesetting:
SX
Composing
Ltd
Flm work:
Precise
Litho
Ltd
Ltd,
Consultant
Editor:
Major
General Sir
Jeremy
Moore
KCB OBE
MC, Gomman-
der
of
British
Land
Forces
during
the
Falklands campaign.
Artisls:
Keith Fretwell
Keith
Woodcock
27U12
tr.ir]ted
in
Great Britain
3','
The
Artisan
Press Ltd
Distribution and marketing
offices:
Orbis Publishing Ltd
Orbis
House
20-22
Bedfordbury
London
WC2N
4BT
Telephone:
01-319 6711
0488 72666
Picture
acknowledgements
man/Cmil.
Blohn
Coro
pbotognph:
COL 136l:
US
Air
Force/British
Aerospace.
1362:
Aviom
Mdcel
Dasautt-Breguet/
Dasult/Bob
A
Mmo.
1363:
DNaulvAmee
de I'Air.
136,1:
COL
1365:
Coycnrmari,/cmar./Gm-
1366:
BriGh
Aerospace,MoD,Panavia.
136?:
Bril6h
Aerospace/Meserschmitt
Bolkow-
Subscription Manager:
Christine Allen
Circulation Director:
David Breed
Marketing Director:
Michael
Joyce
1368r
COL
1369:
MoD. I3?2: lnternational
Defence
Review
l3i3:
US
Deparbnent
of
DeiemeruS
Navy.
l3?4:
Flyqvapen. l3?5:
US
Air
Force{JS
Air
Force.
13?6:
US
Air
Force.
l3??:
US
At
Force.
l3?8:
US
Aa
Forcey'US
Air
Force.
1379: US
Air
Force.
1380: Saab
BoltrK/Flygmpe&
(iii)r
US
Amy. (iv):
US
Amy.
HOWTO OBTAIN
ISSUESAND
BINDERS
FORWARMACHINE
ssJes
€n
be
obtained
by
placing
an
orderwith
your newsagent
ordirect
from
ourSubscnpiion
l:mrtment.
lf
you
have
difficulty
obtaining
any
back issues from your
newsgent,
please
write
::a'!ng the issue(s) required
and
enclosinq
a
cheque
forthe
cover price
of the
issue(s)-
ic
rs
AUSTRALIA please
write to: cordon
and
corch
(Aus) Ltd,
1
14
William Street. pO
Box
767c. Metbourne
MCtOiA3OOl. MALTA, NEWZEALAND. SINGAPORE &SOUTH AFBICA:
BACK NUMbETS ATEAVAiIAbICAt
mver
prie
f
rom
you
r
newsagent.
ln case
of
diff
icu
lty,
write
to
the address given
forbinders.
UWEIRE
:r
CE:
80p/lRl1
S-
BSCRIPTION:
i
Vcnths:
123.92
'1%t:f47.U
3
\.lER:
Please send
EUROPE
PRICE:80p
SUBSCBIPTION:
6
iiIX}LEEAST
PRICE:8Oo
A*I
ERICAS/ASI.A,/AFRICA
PRICE: US$1.95i80p
SUSSCRIPTION:
Months
SUBSCR
IiCT\:
t42.12
933.54
1a4.24
6
AUSTRALIA/FAR
EAST
PRICE:
80p
SUBSCRIPTION:
f3.95
'I
Year
:€-
c:qder, ortake advantage
:'.J:
soecial
offer
in
early
3S
air:
su
rface:
air:
surface:
Months
l
Yer
suire:
ai. f44
air' €89.96
6Mon'fis
1Y€r
t67
08
strire:
faL24
BINDER:
f5.00
surfa€:
air:
f53.30
surta@: f42.12
air: f106.6O
e84.24
6lvlonths
l
Yer
air: f57.46
surtace: f42.12
air'.
f114.92
f,eS.
AIRMAIL:i5.50
MALTA
Obtain
BINDERS
f
rom
your newsagent or
Miller {Malta) Ltd.
MAVassalli Street.
Valetta. Malta
Price: 13 95
BINDER:
f5.5O
AIRMAIL:
f8
30
swlace: fU.24
BINDER:85.50
AIRMAIL:
f]0,00
AUSTRAlJA
PRICE:
AUS$2.25
Obtain
BINDERS
from
First Post
fty
Ltd,
23
Chandos
Street
St
Leonards,
NSW2O65
BINDEB:f5.50
AlRt\,,lAIL;
f9.50
SOTJTHAFRICA
PRICE: R2.35
obtain BlNDERSfrom
any
branch of Central
NewsAgencyor
lntermag,
PO
Box
57394, Springfield
NEWZEALAND
SINGAPORE
PRICE:
Sing$2
Obtain BINDEBS
from
MPH Distributors
601 Sims Drive
PRICE: NZ$2.80
Obtain
BlNDERSfrom
yournews@e-::r
Gordo.
&
lr^
-f^--=-
Gs:r
i\:
0347-21
Singapore
l43B
ADORESS
FOR
BINDERS
AND
BACK ISSUES
s:-3
s^ing Limited
l:
I
l-.:rs r::=
C.dersshouldbemadepayabletoOrbis PublishinqLimited.
r::r:-:::
-::Cemstageandpackingandpricesareinsterling.
::
-::
:-:
NOTE
Binders
and back
issues
are
obtainable
subjectto
availability
of
stocks. Whilst every
attempt
is
madeto
keep
the price
ofthe
issues
and
binders constant,
the
publishers reserve the
rig
ht
to increase
the
stated
prices
at any
time when circumstances d;ctate.
Binde6
depicted
in
this publication
are
those produced
forrhe
UK and
Australian markets only. Binders
and
lssus
may
be
subject to impon duty and/or
l@ltaxes,
which
are
not included
in
the above prices unless stated.
ADDRESS
FOR
S{.'BSCA?NOI.S
Orb;s
cJb
s^ -E
HJsi:e-
Bavocr
Pa
--:€
GTbcuTe
Woodl€nds
Bei<s
RG167TW
Telephone:
048&72666
All cheques/Postal Orders should
be
made
payable to
Orbis
Publishing Limited. Postage
and
packaging
is
included in
subscription rates,
and
prices
are
given
in
Sterling.
:i:!
::
:
?: the
cover price,
and
we
do
not charge carriage
in
the
U K
tl
as
lovr
as
sfrikeAircraff
Modem
electronic
defence systems are
desigmed to
let
nothing tttrough,
and
certainly
not
a
big
piloted afucraft.
How
can
attack
afucraft
sttrlrive
in
any
fufure
all-out war?
An
extremely important
element
in
the modern
battlefield is
the
deep
strike hehind
enemy
lines,
desigmed to
hamper
the
movement
of fotces
and
to cut
communications.
FB-l I
rn
IAsofUSAF
Strategic
Air Command
are
air refuelled
on
mrssions
es
sentially
s
tr
a
teg ic
in
nature. The Soviet
Su-24 has
similar
capability.
More
than
30
years ago
air
staffs
in
several countries had
recognized
at speeds much beyond
460
mph
(740
kmih)
The
specralized
cj:s:-
that, to
penetrate defended airspace, attacking aircraft would
have
to
fly
support and anti-armour machines
such
as
the
Fairchild
Republic
A-
_
-
possible,
The UK issued
far-sighted specifications
for
lowlevel
and Sukhoi
Su-25
are much
slower
still,
while
the ltahan/Brazilian
AMX
.
bombers,
but
failed
to
get any
actually built, When
the nation
at last
built
only just
getting
into
its
flight-test
proq-ramme.
At
the
upper
end of
:h:
such
an
aircraft,
the
Blackburn
Buccaneer,
it
was for the Royal Navy,
and
scale
of size
and
cost,
the
monster Rockwell
B-
I
was
designed
for
}lach
2
lor
this and other reasons the RAF steadfastly set its sights
on
Mach
2.
(at
high
leve|
where it
dare not go) and for the past I0 years
has
bee:.
Such a
speed can
be reached
only
at
great heights,
where
no
manned
made
slower
and
slower
as
the
USAF
trles
to
get
the
design righ:
aircraft
can
survive except in
airspace devord
of modern
defences,
To survive, an attacking aircraft today needs
stealth
quaiity,
If
:he
Thepennykeepsdropping,andthoughsomemanufacturersstillinsist
enemy does not detect lts presence, the aeroplane
will
not
be
shc:
on
designing for Mach
2,
which
means
high
costs
and
a
very
comprom-
down; conversely,
if
it
is
detected,
lt
will
be
shot
down
no
matter how
fas:
rsed
aircraft unsuited
to
the
true low-level
attack mission,
a
few
are
at
it
flies, Obviously,
in the
absence
of
stealth,
a
very poor second-best
is
::
lrying to
'get
their
act together', In
general
today's attack
aircralt
have
load
the
aircraft
up
with
the most
comprehensive electronic
systems
f::
last
maxtmum speeds
well
below
that of sound,
especially when
they
are
cluttered
with
a
heavy external bombload, The
Buccaneer
scorned
for
rts
slow maximum speed, can actually
fly for long
distances at
treetop
teight
with
a
4,000-1b
(1814-kq)
bombload
at
speeds hrgher
than any
of
its supersonic rivals, and
with
less than half the
fuel
consumptionl
rhe
vousht A-7 corsair
rr, McDonneu
Douslas
A
_4
Grumman
A-6 Intruder are all important
attack types
serving in
large
numbers despite
the fact that
they find it hard
to
deliver
their
ordnance
detecting
hostile illuminating radars
or
oncoming missiles
or
oite:
threats, and fast-reacting countermeasure
systems
operating
at radar
infra-red or
optical wavelengths
to
try
to
defeat each threat
as
last
as
_:
materializes
:"3i':'i:*i:i,"i:;:i"'i:!:#:,n:;:ii3ii::;;3{,":::wii:i?:i{:::#';i"
!yl"y\
::1
-modernstrikeaircrattistnereioi"a"i4.SiiiW6fiiowandveryfast,as
demonstrated
by
this
OmaniJaguar.
F
'
l
;
t,,
:,i19.*,ri,,
qf,
"
lrrii.j.ii:-:L:il:ri"
::
.
-r..':,1::r:.'
'---
;'
.r'tr+sr.r4{id@;:.,.1iii''i]-=f;"40*+
.'::R*ri:
,.@..
::a
-..ii=.,..'
'.=.1Xlill.1;:j:q:==.::,
'.. :.::::::.=:::::::::::n.'
]:+
ft
ijXtsa,rrt
Mirase
IVA
de I'Alr
deploy
five
small
squadrons
(each
normally with
hvo pairs, one
of
each
pair being
a
buddy tanker)
dis-
persed
among six
primary and
many
nuclear
deterent
in
1954
the
size
of
aircraft needed
was almost that of the
B-58,
with two
afterburning
J75 en-
gnnes.
Finally
the bold
decision
was
taken
to build a
smaller
supersonrc
bomber,
unable
to
fly
a
reh;rn
trip but
relylng
heavily on
inflight-refuelling
from
a
force
of
14
Boeing
C-135F
tank-
ers. The Dassault
Mirage
IVAwas
thus
desigmed
around
two of the
existing
Atar engines,
wrth an
airframe
derived
foom an
unbuilt night-fighter
srmilar
to
a
scaled-up
Mirage IIL
The slim fusel-
age
has a
refuelhng
probe
rn
the
nose,
When
France
decided
to
create
its
secondary
bases
to
avoid being
caught on the ground.
Another
12
au-
craft are
multi-sensor reconnaissance
platforms.
Specification
Dassault
Mirage
IVA
pilot and
navrgator/systems operator
in tandem Martin-Baker
BM4
seats, a
mapping radar
v,rth
a
circular
radome
bulge
iust ahead of
the
recess for the
bomb, and
engrine
ducts
with
inlets
similar
to
the
half-cone centrebody
type of the Mirage
IIL
Bogre
main
gears
with
non-skid
brakes
and
large
tail parachutes
assist
recovery
at
short
airbases in
friendly terrrtory.
Dassault
built
62
from
1963,
a
1970s
modification
being
addition
of
wing
hard-points.
for
heavy conventional bombloads, Today
the
91e
and
94e
Escadres
ofthe Arm6e
Type: supersonic
bomber
Powerplant:
two 7000-kg
(
t5,
432-ib)
thrust
SNECMAAIaT
9K
afterbuning
turbojets
Performance: manmum speed
(bnef
dash
at
high altitude)
2340
krn/ir
(1,454
mph);
sustainedspeed
1966
k'n/h
(1,222
mph)
at
18290 m (60,000 ft);
radius
inthe
nuclear
rolelrth
12190
m
(40,000 ft)
cruise
1240
km
(770
miies);
ferryrange
4000
lcn
(2,485
miles)
Weights:empty
14500
kg
(31,967
lb);
maximum take-ofl
33475
kg
(73,800
lb)
Dimensions:
span
11,85
m
(38
ft
10.5
in);
lengrth 23,5
m
(77
ft
Afuve
:
The
original
I
rn);
height
5,40
m
(17 ft 8,5
in);
wrngarea
78.0
m'z
(839.6
sq ft)
w
eap
n
o
f
the
IYA
was
the
65-kilotonne AN 22
nucleat
bmb
sen
fiere
reoessed
into
the
belly.
Some
MAs
retain this
tlleapn,
but
with
a
quick-
re
tar
d
rys(em
added for
use
in
the
low-level
ro
le.
O
ther
air
cr
dt
have
*n
amoullagd.
Below: AII Miragre
IVA }r.m}r-rs are
A total
of
I
8 are
to
be
quip@tocarryHEbombs.
rebuilt for
seruice
until
1996
canying
the
long-range
ASMP
nuclear missile
of
100-
I
50
kilotonnes
yield
(seen on
the
facing
page
carried
by
the
short-
range
Mirage
2000N).
fI
iiXs""rt-Bresruet Mirase
2000N
restressed
to
1110
Though
externally similar
in
appear-
ance to the
original
Miraate
IIi
of
1956,
the Dassault-Brequet
Miraqe
2000 is a
ks/h
fly
at
speeds
up
to
(690
mph)
at
treetop height,
aerodynamic design, flight-control
system,
radar, engine, cockpit
and
weapons
it
represents
an
enornous
advance
over
all
previous
Mirages,
totally
new
aircraft,
In
structure,
and
rn
particular
marks a
rejection of
the costly
multi-role
formula previous-
ly
attempted
in
Dassault's
ACF
(Avion
de Combat
Fuhr).
fhe
ACF
was
aban-
doned rn
1975,
when
work
on
the
Mu-
aqe
2000
began,
and the flrst Mirage
2000
flew on
I0
March
1978.
AII
current
terrain-following mode. Other
new
equlpment
rnciudes
twia
hertial
plat-
irrms
and
augmented
ECM
instala-
flew on 3 February
1983.
In
service
with
the Arm6e
de l'Air
from
early
tiors,
The first
prototype Mirage
2000N
though the rough
ride would certainly
afect crew effciency.
T\mo
crew
are
carried,
cutting
sliqrhtly
into i$eiaqre
tankage,
the
navigator having
extra
displays
fed
by
the
new
Thomson-
CSP/ESD
Antlope
V
radar which
has
a
production
is
of the basic
Mirage
2000C1
fighter which entered service
at
Creii
ln June
1984,
Subsequently
Dassault-Bregnlet
was
given
a
contract
to
develop
the
Mirage
2000N
(N
for
nucl6atre) to
replace
the
1987,
this
version
will
normally fly
with
two l?00-litre
(374-lrnp gal)
drop
tanks,
carrying
the
ASMP standoff
nuclear
missile. Other loads are
possrble
for
tactical use,
as
Iisted below.
Mirage
IIIE
in
air{o-surface
attack
roles.
Though
inevitably
a
fixed-
geometry aircraft
with
a
large
delta
wing
is
the
wrong
shape for
firlI-throttle
attack
at sea
level,
the
Mirage
2000N
is
1362
Specification
Dassault-Breguet
Miraqe
2000N
TYpe:
two-seat
attack
bomber
Powerplant
one
SNECMA
M53-5
afterburning
bypass
turbojet rated
at
9000-kg
(
19,842-1b)
thrust
vnth
maximum
afterburner
Performance: maximum spded
at 1ow
level, with eight bombs
plus
huo
AAMs
11I0
kn/h
(690
mph);
service
ceiiing
18000
m
(59,055 ft),
where speed can
easily
exceed Mach
2
(clean); range
with
hvo tanks
more than
1850
kn
(i,
150
miles)
The
prototype Mirage
2000N
carrying two
tanks
andtwo
sel{-
d
efence
M atra M
agic
AAM
s.
The
two-seat
2000N
is strengthened
to
fly
at
600 kts
at
low
level (Tornados
are
clearedtoS00
kts).
k
seen
here
turning
to
begin
its
take-off,
Dassaault-Bregnret
Mirage
2000N
(continued)
Weights:
empty(basic
Mirage
2000
flshter)
7400
kg
(16,314
lb);
maxmum
Modern
Strike
Aircraft
take-off(fiqhter)
16500
ks
(36,376
lb)
Dimensions:
span
9.00
m
(29 ft 6.3
in);
lengith
14.55
m
(47
ft
I
in)
height not
stated;
mngarea4L0
m'(44I.3
sq
ft)
Armament:
pylons
under
fr:selage
and
wings
fortheoretical
maximum
load
of
6000
kg
(
13,228
lb)
of
various
bombs,
rockets
or missiles
inciuding Exocet;
AS.30
Laser,
Durandal
or Beiouga;
primary weapon
will
be
a
single ASMP
ramj
et-propelled
standoff
nuclear
attack
missile;
in all cases hvo
Magic
AAMs
canbe carrledonthe outer
wing
pylons for
self-defence
A
Mirage
2000N
prototYpe
carrtes
a
durnmy
ASMP
as
well
as
two
tanks
and
M
agic
AAM
s.
With
a
Yield
of I
00'
150
kilotonnes,
ASMP
wil|flY
uP to 62
miles
(
100
km) Iifted bY
the
projecting
inlet ducts to
its
rantjet
engine.
SEPECAT
Jagruar
Developed jointly
by
BAC (now BAe)
and
Bregnret
(now
Dassault-Bregnrei),
who formed
the
consortium
to
manage
the progrramme, the
SEPECAT
Jagnrar
was created
to
m€et
a need
bY
the
RAF and
Arm6e
de
I'Auforalow-level
all-weather
attack
aircralt
and, espe-
cially
for the
latter buyer, advanced
jet
and
weapons training. Slightly
diffe-
rent versions were produced, with one
AJ agruar
GR.Mk
I
of
RAF No.
54
Sqn,
normally
based
at
Coltishall' Norfolk.
or two
seats,
for the two original
cus-
tomers, and
403
aircraft
of
these basic
four sub-types
were delivered. Expod
sales have
been the responsibility of
the
UK
partner
(often in head-on com-
petition with the
French
partner)
and
have so
far
taken
sales
beYond
550.
The
Jagnrar
International has
more
powerful
engines and
is
available
with
radar and other
sensors,
Magic
AAMs
and certaln
aerodynamic
imProve-
ments
whrch
enhance
airto-air
and
anti-ship capability
as
well
as
giving
worth
SI08
mrllion
were
flown out
to
Oman
and
Ecuador,
and
Oman
has
placed
a
Specification
SEPECAT
Jagiuar
Intemational
Type: multl-role tactical
attack
fighter
Powerplant:two
38
lO-kg (8,4001b)
thrust
Rolls-Royce
Turbom6ca
Adour
Mk
B
l
I
afterburningr
turbofars
repeat order. India placed an
order which
in
fuI]
wrII
be worth over
S1
billion. A
substantial sale
has
been
made
to
Nigeria.
All
versions
have
complete ability
to operate from short
gnass
airskips or
any
good
section
of
highway.
Not least of the good results
achieved
has
been
a
level
of mainte-
nance man-hours rougrhly
one{hird
that
demanded
by
previous
combat
aircraft.
Performance: maximum speed
at
high
altihrde
1750
kdh(1,087
mph),
andat
lowaltitude
1350
lcn/h(839 mph);
attack radius
on
a
lo-lolo
mission
Dimensions:
span
8.69
m
(28 ft
6
tn);
Iengrth
excluding
probe
15.52
m (50
ft
I
I
rn);
height^4.89 m
(I6
ft 0,5 tn):
winq
areaZ4.IB
m"
(260.27
sq
ft)
Armament:
tvvo
30-mm
Aden
or
DEFA
cannon; seven
hardpoints
phrs
tro
overwing
AAMpylors
for
totalof
4763
kq
(10,500
lb)
ofvariedstores
9i7 kn(570
miles)
Weishts: empty7000 kq(15,432
1b);
maximum take-off
15700
kg
(34,612
lb)
FrenchJagaars
have a
dilferent
equipment
fit
from
those
of
the
R'AF
;
this
example
comes
from
EC
I
I at
Toul-Rosidres.
true
all-weather
avionics. Orders

Plik z chomika:

Inne pliki z tego folderu:

Inne foldery tego chomika:

Zgłoś jeśli naruszono regulamin