The Old Egyptian Medical Papyri - Chauncey D. Leake, 1952.pdf

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LOGAN CLENDENING LECTURES ON THE
HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF
MEDICINE
Second
Series
The Old Egyptian
Medical Papyri
LOGAN CLENDENING LECTURES ON THE HISTORY AND
PHILOSOPHY OF MEDICINE
Second Series
The Old Egyptian
Medical Papyri
by
Chauncey D. Leake
Vice-President,
University
of Texas—Medical
Branch
Galveston
UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PRESS, LAWRENCE, KANSAS
- - -
1952
COPYRIGHT, 1 9 5 2 , BY T H E UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PRESS
A L L RIGHTS RESERVED
PRINTED IN T H E U.S.A. BY
THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PRESS
LAWRENCE, KANSAS
Prefatory Note
T o follow John Fulton in offering the second series of
Logan Clendening Lectures is a formidable task. Profes-
sor Fulton, now happily devoting his exceptional talents
to the exploration of the complicated history of medicine,
set a high standard for the annual lectures so appropriately
established to maintain the stimulating intellectual inter-
ests of Logan Clendening.
It is a joy, however, to try to offer worthy tribute to
Logan Clendening, for he was ever my cheerful and en-
couraging friend. Whether at the dramatic festivities of
the Bohemian Grove, or at the exciting conversation of
his hospitable table, or in the intellectual comfort of his
fine library, or when facing the great treasures of the Wil-
liam Rockhill Nelson Art Gallery, Logan Clendening was
to me always provocative, always witty and exciting, al-
ways friendly. His interest in our study of the Hearst
Medical Papyrus prompts me to offer these sketchy and
preliminary notes as a token of the high regard in which
I hold his memory.
The studies here partially reported have been in prog-
ress for many years. They began a couple of decades ago
at the University of California Medical Center in San
Francisco. Stimulated by Breasted's monumental analysis
of the Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus which appeared in
1930, we became interested in the Hearst Medical Papyrus.
This was exhibited at the time in the Archaeology Mu-
seum on Parnassus Heights. Doctor Henry F. Lutz, Profes-
sor of Semitic Languages, Doctor Sanford Larkey, then
Professor of the History and Bibliography of Medicine,
and I undertook the translation and annotation of this
document
In this we were ably helped by the patience of Miss
Marjorie Williams, then secretary of the Pharmacology
Laboratory at the University of California Medical Cen-
ter. Among my most pleasant memories are those asso-
ciated with the sessions we held together in the sheltering
Redwoods at Pharmaglen in the Santa Cruz mountains.
When we scattered a decade ago, our co-operative effort
suffered. Last year, it was my good fortune to be privileged
to continue the study of old Egyptian medical papyri un-
der the auspices of the Institute for Advanced Study at
Princeton. There the resources of the University Library
greatly aided in an understanding of many previously
puzzling problems, particularly those relating to drug
measurement as indicated in the documents. There also
was to be found that intellectual inspiration from the
Director, Doctor J . Robert Oppenheimer, and his staff,
which was most conducive to one's most earnest self-
critical endeavor. Grateful thanks are extended to Profes-
sor Otto Neugebauer for his personal interest and help-
fulness.
Professor Lutz, Doctor Larkey, and myself have com-
pleted a preliminary translation and annotation of the
Hearst Medical Papyrus. Our commentaries and discus-
sions are now being critically examined and brought up
to date, in the light of the many recent advances which
have been made in appreciation of old Egyptian medicine.
Reference will frequently be made to the many valiant
scholars who have contributed so much to a realization of
the significance of ancient Egyptian medical practice. Im-

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