02 Colloquial Vietnamese The Complete Course for Beginners.pdf

(28066 KB) Pobierz
www.uz-translations.net
TIlE
COLLOQUIA
L
SERI ES
Serirs Advisrr.
G.ry
King
Colloquial
Portuguese
or
Brazil
Romanian
Russian
Scottish
Gaelic
Serbian
Slovak
S
lovene
Somali
Spanish
Spanish of
Latin
America
Swahi
li
Swedish
Tamil
Thai
Turk ish
Ukrainian
Un!"
Vietnamese
Welsh
Yoruba
(forthcoming)
The
rollowing languages
are
avai
lable
in
the
Colloquial
series:
Mrikaans
Albanian
Amharic
Arabic (Levanline)
Arabic of
Egypt
Arabicofthc Gulhnd
Saudi Arabia
Basque
Breton
Bulgarian
Cambodian
Cantonese
Catalan
Chinese
Croati an
Czech
Danish
Dutch
English
Estonian
Filipino
Finni
sh
French
German
Greek
Gujarati
Hebrew
Hindi
Hungarian
Icelandic
Indon
esian
Iri
sh
(forthcoming)
hal
ian
Japanese
Korean
Latvian
Lithuanian
Malay
Mongoli
an
Norwegian
Panjabi
Persian
Polish
Port
uguese
Vietnamese
The Complete Course
for Beginners
Tuan Due Vuong and John Moore
CO
LLO
Q
UIAL
2s srrir s:
Th
~
Nm
S/~p
i"
La"guQg~
L~artli"g
Chinese
Dutch
french
German (forthcoming)
Italian
Russian
SpaniSh
Spanish
of
Latin
Ameri
ca
All
these
Colloquials
are avai
lable
in
book
&
C
D packs,
or
separately.
You can
order
them through
your bookse
ller
or
via
our website www.routJedge.oom.
1
1
~
Routledge
TayIc<6.f'"""IsG/Oup
LO NDON
AND NEW VORK
www.uz-translations.net
Contents
First published 1994
by
Routledge
2 Park
Square.
Milton
Park,
Abingdon,
Oxon
OX14
4RN
Simultaneously published
in the USA and Canada
by
Routledge
270
Madison
Ave, New
York.
NY
10016
Introduction
1 Bang chO' cal va
h~
th6ng ngO'
Am
The alphabet and sound system
1
10
14
27
Reprinted
1995, 1996
(twice),
1997.
2001, 2003.
2005, 2007
Transferred
1
Digital Printing 2008
0
2 Elfn Hil NQI
Arriving
in Hanoi
Routledge
is
an
imprint
oflhe
Taywr
&
Francis Group,
an
in/enna
business
Co-published
in Thailand
with
Asia
Books
Co.
Ltd.
3 Eliln khach s,n
Going
to the hotel
5
Sukhumvit
Road, Soi
61,
Bangkok
10110
C
1994 Tuan
Due
Vuong
and
John
Moore
4
Vilo khBch S,ln
Checking
in at
the hotel
41
53
64
77
Typeset
in Times
Ten
by
FIorencttype Lid. Sioodieigh, Devon
Illus trations
by
Rebecca
Mey
5
CAu
chuy~n
vli b,ln
it
Hil NQI
Talking
about your stay
in Hanoi
Printed and
bound
in
Great
Britain by
TJI
Digital, Padstow,
Cornwall
All
righu reserved. No
part
of this book
may
be
reprinted or reproduced
or
utilized
in any
ronn
or by any electronic,
mechanical. or
other means,
now known
or
hereafter invented,
including
photocopying and
recording,
6
Vilo
it
khBch s,n
Settling into
the hotel
7
Llin
ht
Making
contact
or
in
any
inronnation
storage or
retrieval
system, without
pennission
in
writing rrom
the
publishers.
British
Library
Cataloguing
in
Publication Data
A
catalogue record ror this book is available
rrom the
British
Library
Library
oj Congress
Cataloguing in
Publication Data
A catalogue
record
is
available rOt
this
book on
request
ISBNIO
:
0-415-09205-1
(Book)
ISBNI
O:
0-415-15536-3
(CDs)
ISBNI
O: 0-415-43607-9 (Book and CDs
course)
ISBN
13
:
978-0-415-09205-0
(Book)
ISBN
13
:
978-
0-415-15536--6
(CDs)
ISBN
13
:
978-0-415-43607-6
(Book
and CDs course)
8
K6 vll ban
thAn
mlnh
Telling
someone
about yourself
91
9
MO'l b,n
An
invitation
101
10
ThAm b,n
Calling
on
some
friends
11 N61
chuy~n
vo
gla dlnh
11S
125
Talking about
the
family
12
Ell mua hang
13
A
shopping
trip
Trong
tI~m
An
At
the
restaurant
138
ISS
www.uz-translations.net
vi
--------------------------------------
14
Urn quen val nhau
Getting to
k.now
someone
168
181
194
Introduction
CHINJII
V/fTNIWI
15 Phong t\le
16 NOI
VI~t
Nam
Vietnamese
customs
ehuy~n
lam lin buOn ban
209
Talking
business
17 £>1 dAy dl dO
Travelling
around
Grammar
summary
Key to exercises
224
249
288
303
Vietname• ...engli.h glossary
Engli.h-Vietname.e glossary
LAOS
THillLANO
CAMBODIA
2 - -___________________________
_______________________________
www.uz-translations.net
twelve feudal principalities constantly fighting each other. A
succession
of dynasties ruled
the
country until. after many periods
of
unrest,
the
country was
finally partitioned at the Linh River, which
marks
the
18th parallcl. In
1788
China sent an
expeditionary corps
to conquer
the divided
country, but
the
Chinese troops were defeated
by
the
man
who became Emperor Quang
Tnmg
in
a
whirlwind
campaign.
He
then
devoted his energies to national rehabilitation, administrative reorganiza-
tion and
economic
development Quang Trong replaced the classic
Chinese Han with the popular NOm as
the
official Janguagc.
In 1861 the French look Saigon. Six years later the entire
southern
part
of
the
country, rechristened Cochinchina. was annexed
as a
French
colony. Vietnam lost its independence in
1883
with the extension of
French control
to
the north.
In
February 1930. H'h
eM
Minh founded the
Indochinese
Communist
Party,
which
later
fonned the
Revolutionary
League for the
Independence
of
Vietnam
(Viet
Minh). The August
Revolution began on
16
August 1945. and this was followed by a decade-
long
war of resistance against
the
French.
On
7
May 1954
the French
base at Dien Bien Phi'! suffered a major defeat. The war
for
independence
ended
on
20
July
1954. when the two
sides signed
the Geneva Agreement
which divided the country at the 17th paraJlel.
The
North became the
Democratic Republic
of
Vietnam and the South became the Republic of
South Vietnam.
The beginning
of
1965
marked the
stan of
direct United States
involvement in Vietnam as President Lyndon B.
Johnson
decided to send
troops to Vietnam
and
bomb the North.
The
1973 Paris Peace Agreement
ended the United States involvement
in
Vietnam; the US
troops
pulled
out of
the
country, but
the
two Vietnamese parties violated
the
agreement
and continued the fighting.
On
30 April 1975 the
communist
troops
took
over
Saigon and
the
civil war was over. A number
of countries
in
the
west
have
large groups of Vietnamese
immigrants.
3
Vietnam
Vietnam
is
shaped
like an elongated S
and
suctches
the
length
of
the
Indochinese
peninsula. bordering the China
Sea
in the
east.
It
shares
borders with China in the nonh, Laos
and
Cambodia
in
the
west, and
also
encompasses
a vast sea
area including a
string
of thousands
of
archipelagos
stretching
from
the Tonkin Gulf to
the
Gulf of Thailand;
its
coastline is dotted with beautiful beaches and
unspoilt
resons. Vietnam
has
three
principal regions, with the central region
flanked
by two rice.
producing areas
supplied
by
the
rich aUuvial deltas of the
Red
River
in
the
north
and
the
Mekong in the south. Mountains
and
forests make
up more than three-quarters of the
country's
total area and there is a
multitude of wildlife in
its
mountains, tropical forests, plains and
plateaux.
The population
The present-day population
of
Vietnam is
about
70
million.
The origins
of the Vietnamese people
are
mainly in China,
the
high plateaux
of
cen-
tral
Asia, and islands in the South Pacific. The first
natives
of Vietnam
originated from
several ethnic
groups; the most important of
these
were
the Lac,
specialists
in wet rice cultivation
and
inventors of
the bronze
drums, who inhabited the Red River Delta and
the
central regions
and
the
Muong. The ethnic
groups
which followed in the fifth century BC
were
the Viet. who came mainly
from
the coastal and
southern
provinces
of
China. The Viet or Kinh fonn the majority
(90
per
cent)
of the popula-
tion, but more than fifty ethnic minorities inhabit the mountainous
regions which cover almost two-thirds
of
Vietnam.
Vlel Nam means the
South
(Nam) where the Viets live.
In
the
course
of
its
long
history
Vietnam has
been
known by many different names; it
received its present name
in
1945.
The economy
History
The
history of Vietnam is the history
of struggle
against foreign domina-
tion
lasting thousands
of years.
Until the
tenth
century
Vietnam was
ruled largely by
the Chinese.
In
939. with the
celebrated
battle of Bach Dang, General Ngo Quyen
vanquished the
Chinese
invaders and founded
the
first national dynasty.
On
the death
of
Ngo Quyen in
967,
the kingdom fell into chaos with
Vietnam is basica1ly an agricultural country and
over 80
per cent of the
population live in rural areas supported by agriculture. forestry
and fishing. The principal crops are rice, sugar cane, fruit and vegetables,
sweet
potatoes and cassava, while the principal livestock are pigs. poul·
try,
buffalo and cattle. Most of the country's mineral resources. the most
important of which are coal,
tin,
copper. chromium ore and phosphate,
are found in
the
NOM.
Industry
is also mainly concentrated in the North:
the main
industries
are
machinery.
chemicals.
construction
materials,
4 _____________________________
www.uz-translations.net
____________________________________ 5
paper, food
processing
and
textiles.
It
is hoped that
in
the
future the oil
industry
will
be
high
on
the
country's list of
priorities.
language.
In the
spoken
Janguage,
too.
there are a
lot
of words
and
phrases originaling from
Chinese and
~xisling
with pure
Vielllamese
words. From
the
beginning
of
the
twentieth century it has
also
incorpo-
rated
words
from
some
weSlem languages
such as
French.
English and
Russian. In
addition.
Vietnamese
is
the main
language
for
the
whole
Vietnamese
nation and
draws on
the
other
dia1cclS of
the
minorities in
Viebl.am. In this way present-day Vietnamese is
a
blend
of several
languages,
ancient
and
modem. and has evolved through
contact
with
other races. Although
there are
some regional fonns of
Vietnamese
(and
the
accent of
the
North
is different from
that
of
the
South),
you can
use
the
Vietnamese
you
learn
with
anyone
from
thaI
country
and
with
any
of
the
overseas Vietnamese scattered
around the
world.
TIle
Vietnamese
written
language
has
a different background. Because
of
thousands
of years of
Chinese
domination
and
influence,
the
Vietnamese
used
Chinese characters
known
as Chit
nho
as
their official
written language
for
many
centuries. Chil
nbo was not easy
to
learn,
however,
and only
the Vietnamese
scholars could
use
it,
while nearly
99 per
cent
of
the
population were illiterate. TIle Vietnamese
scholars
realized the need for
developing
a
separate
written
Vietnamese
language,
and
several tentative
attempts
were
made
to
modify
the
original Chinese
characters: only
under
the rule
of
Emperor
Quang
Trung
(1776-92) was
the classic Chinese Han
replaced
by
Chit
n6m,
a kind
of
native adapta-
tion of
the Chinese writing
system.
(Chit
means word
and
n6m means
prose which is
easy
to
understand.) But
in fact that kind
of writing
system
was
still very complicated.
it
never received official recognition
and
the
Vietnamese
intellectuals continued
to
use the Chinese calligraphic script.
The Vietnamese had
to
wait until 1548 before
the
new Vietnamesc
writing
system was introduced
by a
French
Jesuit missionary, Alexandre
de Rhodes. He
introduced
the first Vietnamese aJphabet, which was
phoneticized
using
the Roman alphabet
and was recognized by
the
Vietnamese
as
Qu6c neft,
the
national
language. Since then,
Qu6i;:
ngil
has replaced
the
Chinese
calligraphic script officially and has become
a
compulsory
subject
in
schools.
The
written fonn of
the language,
Qu6C
ngil, is
much
easier
for the
Vietnamese
themselves to learn.
After the
1945 August Revolution
in
Vietnam there
was a
literacy
campaign, and it
took. from
three
to
six
months for
a
Vietnamese
adult
to learn how to
read
and
write the lan-
guage.
The
alphabet
does not present too many problems for the
foreign
learner, either. You
will
learn the alphabet,
as
well
as
the
basic
vowel
and
consonant sounds, in Lesson
1.
The culture and the people
Vietnam is
known
as a land of culture
and refinement
and its people have
the reputation
of
being industrious,
graceful. orderly, skilful.
adaptable
and well educated. One of
the most striking characteristics
of the
Vietnamese
is
their
sensc of uadition.
The
Confucian tradition
left the
Vietnamese with
an
acute sense of social relationships
and high
standards
of
politeness,
and
they
are willing to help
each other
and
love
children.
Also
originating from
Confucianism is
the
ancestor cult, which is
the
chief form of religious observance.
Most Vietnamese
houses
have a place
set aside
in
the main living room,
where
the
ancestors are venerated.
Traditionalism also accounts for the great
variety of customs
and
observances
in Vietnam which do not belong
to
any particular religion
but comprise
some of
the most picturesque features
of
Vietnamese life.
Most
of
them are
associated
with the anniversaries or festivals
which
occur
at
various times
during the
year: one of
the most
colourful is the
Autumn
Festival, when
mooncakes
are
made, children
carry
coloured
lanterns
and dragon
dances
are performed.
Then there is the
Feast of
the
Wandering
Souls. restless spirits of
the dead who have
to be hospitably
received
during their brief return to
the
world. But the most
imponant
celebration
in
the
Vietnamese
calendar is the
Lunar
New Year,
which
now generally lasts for four days, although
in
former times it is
said
to
have
continued
for a month. This
is essentially a
family celebration, the
main feature
of
which is or
should be a
gathering
of
the
whole
clan
at
the
house
of
the particular relative whose
responsibility
and
prerogative
it
is
to keep
and
preserve all
the
ancestral relics.
There are numerous
other
traditional Vietnamese feasts
and
customs,
to which the Vietnamese
are
greatly
attached and which
do
much
to enliven
Vietnamese
life.
Perhaps
it is
they more than
anything which give
it
the poetic quality
which
is
part
of
the
charm of
Vietnam.
The Vietnamese language
Vietnamese is a mixture of Austro-Asiatic languages,
sharing
many
similarities
with
the
Mon-Khmer, Thai
and
Muong languages. Because
of
the
Chinese inHuence
during many
centuries of Vietnam's
history, the
Vietnamese
used the Chinese Han
language as
their
official
written

Plik z chomika:

Inne pliki z tego folderu:

Inne foldery tego chomika:

Zgłoś jeśli naruszono regulamin