An Illustrated History of the Third Year of the Great War 1916 (Britain At War Special).pdf

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An Illustrated History of the
THIRD Year of the Great War
Brought to you by
The Battle of the Somme: The British Army’s Darkest Day,
Sinking of HMS Hampshire and the death of Lord Kitchener,
First Zeppelin Shot Down, Execution of Captain Fryatt,
First German daylight raid on London, T.E. Lawrence
£5.99
THE THIRD YEAR OF THE GREAT WAR:
1916
THE THIRD YEAR OF
THE GREAT WAR:
1916
T
HE YEAR 1916 will always be remembered for the Battle of the Somme.
Overshadowing the fighting in the Middle East and East Africa, the Irish Easter
uprising and even the greatest naval engagement in history at Jutland, it is the
Somme that has come to epitomise everything that was both heroic and hopeless in the
world’s first global conflict.
No-one had ever imagined the scale of the losses that the war would bring and no-one
knew how to stop the killing. With all the pre-war plans having long since been discarded,
neither side could find a way to victory. The only hope was that the enemy would be
ground into submission – but how long would that take and how many more would die
before that moment arrived?
Yet slowly as the year progressed, hope, which had once flamed so brightly but had
only sparked fitfully for many months, began at last to burn steadily. No longer were
the operations of generals restricted by a shortage of shells, and battle after battle saw
the Germans being pushed further back. Even the French had stabilised their positions
at Verdun, which had become to be seen as a symbol of their determination never to
surrender whatever the cost.
Faced with such opposition and suffering losses to their men and equipment that they
simply could not replace, the Germans knew that they could never win the war. The
unrelenting pressure exerted by the British Expeditionary Force had resulted in the loss
of half a million of some of Germany’s finest troops. If Field Marshal Haig continued his
offensive in France the German Army would be bled dry. Seeing only eventual defeat, in
December 1916 Germany offered a negotiated peace that would bring the fighting to an
end. It was at that moment that the Allies knew they would win. The third year of the war
proved decisive. It marked the beginning of the end for Germany and the Central Powers.
Editor:
John Grehan
Assistant Editor:
Martin Mace
Designer:
Dan Jarman
Executive Chairman:
Richard Cox
Managing Director/Publisher:
Adrian Cox
Commercial Director:
Ann Saundry
Production Manager:
Janet Watkins
Marketing Manager:
Martin Steele
Contacts
Key Publishing Ltd
PO Box 100, Stamford, Lincolnshire, PE9 1XQ
E-mail: enquiries@keypublishing.com
www.keypublishing.com
Distribution:
Seymour Distribution Ltd.
Telephone: 020 7429 400
Printed by Warners (Midlands) Plc, Bourne, Lincs.
The entire contents of this special edition
is copyright © 2015. No part of it may be
reproduced in any form or stored in any form of
retrieval system without the prior permission of
the publisher.
Published by Key Publishing Ltd
www.britain-at-war-magazine.com
John Grehan
Editor
MAIN IMAGE:
Troops sheltering in a
trench, as a shell explodes
in the background, during
the Battle of the Somme.
(HISTORIC MILITARY PRESS)
1916:
THE THIRD YEAR OF THE GREAT WAR
3
CONTENTS
THE EVENTS OF 1916
JANUARY
11
15
21
24
25
27
27
29
German Spy Executed in
Tower of London
29
Resupplying the Besieged
Kut Garrison by Air
30
Sir Roger Casement Arrested
A ter Being Landed in Ireland
32
The Easter Rising
34
Attack on the East Coast:
The Lowesto t Raid
36
Gas Attack at Hulluch
38
German
UC-5
Captured
40
The Fall of Kut
42
1
Churchill Takes Command
10
8
Gallipoli Peninsula Evacuated
11
15
SS
Appam
Captured by
German Raider
13
27
Military Service Act Receives
Royal Assent
15
JUNE
2
5
The Battle of Mount Sorrel
53
Field Marshal Hora io Herbert
Kitchener Killed
54
8
An Arab Alliance
56
24
The Somme Bombardment Begins
58
FEBRUARY
JULY
1
1
1
14
15
19
23
26
27
2
Zeppelin
L-19
Lost at Sea
17
9
The Battle on the Lake
19
23
Ministry of Blockade is Formed
21
MARCH
MAY
24
SS
Sussex
Attacked
22
25
Military Medal Ins ituted
24
27
The Battle of the St Eloi Craters
25
APRIL
2
2
The Uplees Disaster
27
Scotland’s First Air Raid
28
4
Number of Bri ish Prisoners of
War Announced
44
11
The Air Board is Formed
46
16
The Sykes–Picot Agreement
is Signed
47
21
Daylight Saving Time is Introduced
48
22
Cost of the War
49
24
The Sopwith 1�½ Strutter Two-Seat
Fighter Arrives in France
50
31
The Battle of Jutland
51
The First Day of the
Battle of the Somme
60
The Lochnagar Mine Exploded
62
The Royal Flying Corps
Over the Somme
64
Cavalry Charge on the Somme
66
The Battle of Delville Wood
68
Disaster at Fromelles
70
Australians on the Somme:
Figh ing at Pozières
73
The Most Successful U-boat
Patrol Begins
75
Captain Fryatt Executed
76
AUGUST
21
Somme Film’s First
Public Showing
78
4
CONTENTS
THE THIRD YEAR OF THE GREAT WAR:
1916
The Events of 1916
THE EVENTS OF 1916
CONTENTS
SEPTEMBER
2
3
9
12
15
15
17
23
Largest Zeppelin Raid of
the Great War
80
First Airship Brought Down
on Bri ish Soil
82
The Capture of Ginchy
84
Silver War Badge Ins ituted
86
The First Use of Tanks in Battle
87
‘Boy’ Cornwell’s VC is Announced
89
The Red Baron’s First ‘Kill’
91
Zeppelin Crew Arrested
92
21
HMHS
Britannic
Sunk
102
28
First German Daylight
Aeroplane Raid on London
103
DECEMBER
1
5
9
12
12
22
22
22
OCTOBER
1
Shot Down Over Potters Bar
94
26
The Battle of Dover Strait
98
NOVEMBER
Bruce Bairnsfather’s
Bullets
and Billets
First Published
104
The Prime Minister Resigns
106
The War Cabinet is Formed
107
Royal Flying Corps Expansion
Confirmed
108
Germany’s Peace Proposal
109
Three New Ministries Created
111
The Sopwith Camel’s Maiden
Flight
112
King George’s Speech
113
Editorial
3
The Third Year of the Great
War
6
The End of the Third Year
of the Great War
114
MAIN PICTURE:
A pack horse laden with trench
boots is led through the
mud near Beaumont-Hamel
in November 1916.
(HISTORIC
13
The Battle of the Ancre
99
18
The End of the Battle of
the Somme
101
MILITARY PRESS)
1916:
THE THIRD YEAR OF THE GREAT WAR
5

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