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Application Note
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Application Note
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LANs and VLANs
A Simplified Tutorial
Version 3.0
May 2002
COMPAS ID 90947
Avaya Labs
Companion document
•
IP Addressing: A Simplified Tutorial
COMPAS ID 92962
Introduction
As the name implies, the purpose of this presentation is to
provide a simplified tutorial on local area networks (LANs) and virtual
local area networks (VLANs).
The instructions and terminology used in this presentation attempt
to comply with industry practices and written standards. They represent
the generally accepted implementations of the written standards.
It is important to understand that written standards are sometimes
ambiguous, and are thus implemented differently among various
vendors. This tutorial seeks to balance between the two and does not
rely solely on written standards or specific implementations.
All IP addresses and numbering schemes in this tutorial are
hypothetical, and used for illustration purposes.
First, the basics
OSI and TCP/IP
OSI Reference
Model
TCP/IP
Terms used in this tutorial
7 – Application
6 – Presentation
5 – Session
Application
4 – Transport
Host – to – Host
(TCP/UDP)
router, subnet, IP address
3 – Network
Internet (IP)
switch, VLAN, MAC address,
Ethernet
2 – Data Link
Network Interface
hub
1 – Physical
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This table is presented for reference purposes.
–
The first column shows the 7-layer OSI Reference Model, which is a model
used to design protocols that make networking possible.
–
The second column shows the TCP/IP protocol stack in reference to the OSI
model. TCP/IP is the prevalent protocol stack for data networking.
–
The third column shows the terms that will be used in this tutorial, in reference
to both OSI and TCP/IP.
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