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Introducing
Windows Server
2012 R2
Mitch Tulloch with the Windows Server team
Technical Overview
PUBLISHED BY
Microsoft Press
A Division of Microsoft Corporation
One Microsoft Way
Redmond, Washington 98052-6399
Copyright © 2013 Microsoft Corporation
All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any
means without the written permission of the publisher.
Library of Congress Control Number: 2013945007
ISBN: 978-0-7356-8278-8
Microsoft Press books are available through booksellers and distributors worldwide. If you need support related to this
book, email Microsoft Press Book Support at mspinput@microsoft.com. Please tell us what you think of this book at
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are trademarks of the Microsoft group of companies. All other marks are property of
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This book expresses the author’s views and opinions. The information contained in this book is provided without
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this book.
Acquisitions Editor:
Anne Hamilton
Developmental Editor:
Karen Szall
Project Editors:
Valerie Woolley and Carol Dillingham
Editorial Production:
Christian Holdener, S4Carlisle Publishing Services
Copyeditor:
Andrew Jones
Indexer:
Jean Skipp
Contents
Introduction
ix
Chapter 1
Cloud OS
1
The big picture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Journey to the Cloud OS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2
Let’s begin! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
Chapter 2
Hyper-V
5
Previous enhancements to Hyper-V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
Generation 2 virtual machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7
Automatic Virtual Machine Activation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11
Remote access over VMBus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12
Cross-version live migration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14
Faster live migration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16
Online VHDX resize. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17
Live export . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18
More robust Linux support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20
Managing Hyper-V hosts running previous versions of
Windows Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21
Hyper-V Replica enhancements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21
Additional Hyper-V improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25
Learn more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25
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books and learning resources for you. To participate in a brief online survey, please visit:
microsoft.com/learning/booksurvey
iii
Chapter 3
Storage
27
Previous enhancements to storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27
Microsoft’s vision for storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29
Building the solution using Windows Server 2012 R2
Enabling the solution using System Center 2012 R2
29
31
Storage Management API . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32
Storage QoS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33
iSCSI Target Server enhancements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34
SMB 3.0 enhancements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
36
Data deduplication enhancements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
38
Storage Spaces enhancements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
39
Storage Spaces in Windows Server 2012
Storage Spaces in Windows Server 2012 R2
41
42
Work Folders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
50
Learn more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
60
Chapter 4
Failover Clustering
63
Previous enhancements to Failover Clustering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
63
Guest clustering using shared virtual disks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
64
Hosting highly available workloads
Separating virtual resources from physical infrastructure
Understanding shared virtual disks
Using shared virtual disks
Failover Clustering and SoFS
64
65
67
69
70
CSV and SoFS enhancements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
70
Optimized ownership of CSV disks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
71
Increased CSV resiliency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
72
Improved CSV cache allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
73
CSV and other storage features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
73
iv
Contents
Changes to heartbeat threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
74
Detecting the health of virtual machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
75
Virtual machine drain on shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
78
Dynamic witness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
81
Active Directory-detached clustering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
82
Learn more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
82
Chapter 5
Networking
85
Previous enhancements to networking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
85
Virtual RSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
88
Windows NIC Teaming enhancements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
90
NIC Teaming in Windows Server 2012
NIC Teaming in Windows Server 2012 R2
Choosing the right teaming mode
Choosing the right load-balancing mode
Network diagnostic cmdlets in Windows Server 2012
Network diagnostic cmdlets in Windows Server 2012 R2
IPAM in Windows Server 2012
IPAM in Windows Server 2012 R2
How Hyper-V Network Virtualization works
Hyper-V Network Virtualization enhancements in
Windows Server 2012 R2
Hyper-V Virtual Switch in Windows Server 2012
Hyper-V Virtual Switch in Windows Server 2012 R2
91
92
94
95
97
102
107
107
113
115
119
121
Improved network diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
96
IPAM enhancements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105
Hyper-V Network Virtualization enhancements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
112
Hyper-V Virtual Switch enhancements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
119
Learn more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
Contents
v

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