Making of IR Sensor Module.docx

Making of IR Sensor Module

As per the reader’s request, here is the making of the IR Sensor Module. An IR Sensor module is a sensor that transmits and receives infra-red rays when a surface or object is detected. It is a multipurpose sensor, which can be used in line following robot, obstacle avoiding robot, edge avoiding robot, etc.

Components required:

·         Breadboard – 1 no

·         IC LM358 – 1 no

·         IC 7805 – 1 no

·         IR Transmitter – 1 no

·         IR Receiver – 1 no

·         10µf Capacitors – 2 nos

·         9V Battery – 1 no

·         Battery Snap – 1 no

·         10K Trimpot – 1 no

·         LED – 2 nos

·         10K Resistor – 2 nos

·         1K Resistor – 2 nos

·         Breadboard Wires

Circuit Diagram:

Step by Step Instructions:

1)      5V Power Supply:

·         Take the breadboard and connect the battery holder in horizontal position.

·         Insert the positive and negative wire of battery snap in holder.

·         Attach IC 7805 (Voltage Regulator), and place one 10 µF capacitor in IN & GND connection of IC 7805 and other in GND & OUT connection.

·         Take the positive supply from the battery holder via breadboard wire and place it in IN of IC 7805, and also connect its negative supply in the last row of the breadboard.

·         Place the GND of IC 7805 in the last row of the breadboard, and transfer its OUT to the first row of the breadboard.

·         As a result of these connections, +5V power is obtained in the first row of the breadboard.

·         To check the power flow path, an LED is given a positive supply via 10K resistor.

2)      IC LM358:

·         Take an IC LM358 and place it in the breadboard.

·         Provide +5V to the 8th pin and GND to the 4th pin of LM358.

·         Connect the LED’s +ve with the 1st pin of LM358 via 1K resistor and –ve to the GND.

3)      IR Transmitter:

·         Place the IR transmitter in the breadboard and provide +5V to its cathode.

·         A GND connection is given to its anode via the 10K resistor.

4)      IR Receiver:

·         Place the IR receiver in the breadboard and provide +5V to its anode.

·         A GND connection is given to its cathode via the 10K resistor.

·         Connect the IR receiver’s cathode with the 3rd pin of LM358 using breadboard connection.

5)      Trim pot:

·         Place a 10K trimpot in the breadboard, and provide +5V to its 1st pin and GND to its 3rd pin.

·         Connect its 2nd pin with the 2nd pin of LM358.

Working:

Once the connection is finished, make sure the connections are given as per the circuit diagram. Now, show your hand towards the IR transmitter and receiver. In this case, an LED connected to the 1st pin of LM358 must glow as the IR transmitter emits IR rays and IR receiver receives the reflected ray.

The Op-Amp (IC LM358) compares the two inputs and provides the output which is higher.

If the LED fails to glow, then there is a problem in the circuit.

Conclusion:

Overall, I feel the making of IR Sensor Module would help my reader’s in developing the robots. This IR Sensor Module is recommended to be designed in PCB for better and reliable uses.

Autonomous Quadrotor MeCam streams video to your Smartphone

Always Innovating, a well known company for its Touch Book and Smart Book has come up with a new flying video camera called as MeCam. It is a palm-sized autonomous quadrotor that has four spinning rotors to keep them aloft. It is capable of following you by itself to stream live video to your smartphone. It also packs several exciting features with it, and let us have a short look at it:

No Remote Control:

MeCam can be controlled by two ways such as:

·         Voice Control – It understands several voice commands like move up or down

·         Follow Me – You can enable ‘follow me’ feature to follow you around while capturing mesmerizing video

Hardware:

·         Always Innovating Module

·         ARM Cortex A9 processor

·         1 GB RAM

·         Wi-Fi

·         Bluetooth

Technology:

MeCam incorporates 14 different sensors to avoid obstacles in its path. It also has stabilization technology to capture non-shaky videos on the move. Moreover, it allows you to share the videos to Facebook, YouTube, etc.

Availability and Price:

The company has started licensing the design of MeCam products, and expected to release it in early 2014 for a price of $49.

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Mobile Controlled Robot via GSM

Controlling a robot wirelessly is possible with several methods such as Remote, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, etc. But, the controls of these communication methods are limited to certain areas, and complicated to design as well. To overcome these difficulties, we have come up with a Mobile Controlled Robot.

A Mobile Controlled Robot is a mobile device, which provides wide-range of wireless control ability to your robot unless your cell phone gets out of signal.

A general concept of mobile controlled robot is that it can be controlled from any part of the world with just an inclusion of a camera. We will definitely offer you the simplest method for developing this kind of robot in the coming days.

Now, we like to introduce the simplest technique of fabricating a Mobile Controlled Robot via GSM. As we have eliminated the use of a microcontroller, it could certainly help the beginners to feel better.

Components Used:

The components used in making this robot are easily available in electronic markets and very cost effective too. The following list provides the complete component requirements of this robot.

·         Robot Chassis

·         12V DC Motor (60 RPM) – 2 nos.

·         Breadboard – 1 no.

·         IC L293D – 1 no.

·         IC CM8870 – 1 no.

·         IC 7805 – 1 no.

·         9V Battery – 1 no. (Requires according to the usage)

·         Plastic Wheels – 2 or 4 nos. (Based on the chassis)

·         Castor Wheel – 1 no. (Requires only when two wheels are used)

·         10 µf Capacitors – 2 nos.

·         0.1 µf Capacitors – 2 nos.

·         3.58 MHz Oscillator – 1 no.

·         1K Resistor – 1 no.

·         100 K Resistor – 2 nos.

·         300 K Resistor – 1 no.

·         Universal Headphone Jack – 1 no.

·         LED – 1 no.

·         Breadboard Wires – 2 meters

·         Battery Holder – 1 no.

·         Battery Snap – 1 no.

Note: We recommend you to buy spare IC’s for all the IC specified in the component list. This could sometime help you to save your precious time if one IC fails to operate.

Circuit Diagram:

Step by Step Instructions:

1)      Power Supply:

·         Take the breadboard and connect the battery holder in horizontal position.

·         Insert the positive and negative wire of battery snap in holder.

·         Attach IC 7805 (Voltage Regulator), and place one 10 µF capacitor in IN & GND connection of IC 7805 and other in GND & OUT connection.

·         Take the positive supply from the battery holder via breadboard wire and place it in IN of IC 7805, and also connect its negative supply in the last row of the breadboard.

·         Place the GND of IC 7805 in the last row of the breadboard, and transfer its OUT to the first row of the breadboard.

·         As a result of these connections, +5V power is obtained in the first row of the breadboard.

·         To check the power flow path, an LED is given a positive supply via 1K Resistor.

2)      IC CM8870 Connections:

·         Connect 1st & 4th pin of CM8870 (DTMF Receiver) together.

·         Pick one 100K resistor and place one side of it in 2nd pin and other side to the 0.1 µf capacitor.

·         Pick another 100K resistor and connect 3rd and 2nd pin.

·         Provide GND connection to 5th, 6th, and 9th pins.

·         Couple 7th and 8th pins with 3.58 MHz Oscillator.

·         Provide +5V supply to 10th and 18th pins.

·         Take one 300K resistor, and place one side of it to 16th pin and other to 0.1 µf capacitor from 17th pin.

·         Connect 0.1 µf capacitor to the 18th pin.

3)      IC L293D connections:

·         Insert IC L293D (Motor Controller) in the breadboard.

·         Supply +5V power to 1st, 8th, 9th, and 16th pins.

·         Provide ground connection to 4...